shape of p, d orbital

Shape of p orbital:

for p sub shell

l=1

m=-1, 0,+1

i. e P subshell has three possible orbital desigrated as named as

These three orbital are of equal energy but differ in orbital or orientation. P orbital is domb-bell shaped and probability of finding the electron in both the lobes are same.
Shape of d orbital:

for d sub shell

l=2

m =-2, -1, 0,+1, +2

since there are five values of m. so there are five possible orientation named as dxy, dyz, dzx, dx^2y^2.

The three orbital dxy ,dyz, dzx, are similar in shape each consisting of four lobes of high electron density lying b/w the axis.

dx^2y^2 orbital also have four lobes High electron density lying along the y axis & x-axis

dz^2 orbital is symmetrical about z-axis and is dombbell shaped. in this orbital the part of orbital lying in the direction of magnetic field is enclosed and part of orbital lying perpendicular to it is contracted

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Radial probability distribution for p and d orbital, radial wave functions

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Radial probability distribution curves

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Linear combination of atomic orbital, Molecular orbital theory, Difference between bonding & anti bonding moleculer orbital.

Linea combination of atomic orbital molecular orbital are formed by combination of atomic orbital if ꌏ(A) andꌏ(B) are the wave function of atomic orbital of two combining atomic A and B then according to Linea combination of atomic orbital, these two wave function can be added or can be substracted .that means there are two modes of interaction (symmetric and antisymmetric) We know ꌏ(s) = ꌏ(A) +ꌏ(B) ꌏ(a) = ꌏ(A)- ꌏ(B) ꌏ(s) and ꌏ(a) represent wave function of bonding and antibonding moleculer orbital. the formation of moleculer orbital ꌏ(s) and ꌏ(a) from two atomic orbital ꌏ(A) and ꌏ(B) is represented as Molecular orbital theory (MO) theory: main points of mo theory are: 1.whwn atomic orbital combine they formed molecular orbital. 2.Number of molecular orbital formed is equal to number of atomic orbital combine. 3.atomic orbital are uninuclear while molecular orbital a...

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