Linea combination of atomic orbital molecular orbital are formed by combination of atomic orbital if ꌏ(A) andꌏ(B) are the wave function of atomic orbital of two combining atomic A and B then according to Linea combination of atomic orbital, these two wave function can be added or can be substracted .that means there are two modes of interaction (symmetric and antisymmetric) We know ꌏ(s) = ꌏ(A) +ꌏ(B) ꌏ(a) = ꌏ(A)- ꌏ(B) ꌏ(s) and ꌏ(a) represent wave function of bonding and antibonding moleculer orbital. the formation of moleculer orbital ꌏ(s) and ꌏ(a) from two atomic orbital ꌏ(A) and ꌏ(B) is represented as Molecular orbital theory (MO) theory: main points of mo theory are: 1.whwn atomic orbital combine they formed molecular orbital. 2.Number of molecular orbital formed is equal to number of atomic orbital combine. 3.atomic orbital are uninuclear while molecular orbital are polynuclear. 4.The various molecular orbital are arranged in order of in increas
shape of compounds due hybridisation 1.Shape of sncl2 (stannois chloride) Ground state Sn (50) 5s^2 5px^1 5py^1 5pz^0 since sp^2 hybridisation takes place so sncl2 molecule should be triangular or triginal planar but actually sncl2 molecule is Bent because ane position of triangle is occupied by lone pair of electron. 2 shape of ClO4(perchlorate) Ground state Cl (17) 3s^2 3px^2 3py^2 3pz^1 3d^0 excited state 3s^2 3px^1 3py^1 3pz^1 3d^3 { sp3 hybridisation } {π bond} orbital formed π bond don't take part in hybridisation .since sp3 hybridisation take place . so ClO4 is tetrahedral. 3.Shape of ClO3^-(chlorate ion) Ground state Cl (17) 3s^2 3px^2 3py^2 3pz^1 3d^0 excited state 3s^2 3px^1 3py^1 3pz^1 3d^2 { sp3 hybridisation} {2π bond} since sp3 hybridisation takes place .so clo3^-should be tetrahedral. but actually clo3^- is pyramidal .because one position of tetrahedral occupied by lone pair of elec