shapes of many compounds due hybridisation

shapes of many compounds due hyberdisation

1.shape of BF3 (boron trifluoride)

Ground state
B
(5) 1s^2 2s^2 2px^1 2py^0 2pz^0

excited state

1s^2 2s^1 2px^1 2py^1 2pz^0
{ sp2 hybridisation}
since sp2 hybridisation takes place. so BF3 molecule triangular with bond angle 120°

triangular or trigonal planer

2.shape of CH4 (Methane)

Ground state
C
(5) 1s^2 2s^2 2px^1 2py^1 2pz^0

excited state

1s^2 2s^1 2px^1 2py^1 2pz^1
{ sp3 hybridisation}
since sp3 hybridisation takes place. so CH4 molecule tetrahedral with bond angle 109°.28'

3. shape of PF5 (phosphorus pentafluorine)

Ground state
P
(15) 3s^2 3px^1 3py^1 3pz^1 3d^0

excited state

3s^2 3px^1 3py^1 3pz^1 3d^1
{ sp3d hybridisation}
since sp3d hybridisation takes place. so PF5 molecule is tringonal bipyramidal.

equitorial 120°
axial 90°
axial bond are slightly larger than equatorial bond because axial bond forces greater repulsion than equitorial. so PF5 is quite reactive.

6.shape of SF6 (sulphur hexafluoride)

Ground state
S
(16) 3s^2 3px^2 3py^1 3pz^1 3d^0

excited state

3s^2 3px^1 3py^1 3pz^1 3d^2
{ sp3d2 hybridisation}
since sp3d hybridisation takes place. so SF6 molecule is Octahedral with all bond angle 90°.

so SF6 is no reactive

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Radial probability distribution curves

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Radial probability distribution for p and d orbital, radial wave functions

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